Fatty liver in Barranquilla, Colombia

What is fatty liver?

It is fat buildup in the liver. It is now called metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, because it is almost always linked to excess weight, abdominal obesity, diabetes, high cholesterol or triglycerides and high blood pressure. It can also be caused by alcohol use.

Is it dangerous?

In many people it stays stable, but in some the liver becomes inflamed and over years can scar (fibrosis), progress to cirrhosis and even liver cancer. People with fatty liver also have a higher risk of heart disease.

How is it detected?

It usually has no symptoms and is found on an ultrasound or abnormal liver tests. To check for fibrosis, blood-test scores and studies such as elastography, which measures liver stiffness without a biopsy, are used.

How is it treated?

Weight loss is the most effective treatment: losing 7 to 10% can reduce liver fat and inflammation. Physical activity, a Mediterranean-style diet, avoiding alcohol and sugary drinks, and controlling diabetes and cholesterol also help. In advanced cases, a hepatologist may prescribe specific treatments.

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